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Quantification of pesticide residues on plastic mulching films in typical farmlands of the North China

Baoyuan Guo, Jiao Meng, Xinyu Wang, Chengnan Yin, Weiyu Hao, Baiwen Ma, Zhang Tao

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1181-9

摘要： Pesticide residuals on mulching film of Shandong, Tianjin and Hebei. Detected 29 pesticides in soil and 30 in mulching film. Pesticides on plastic films: 86.4‒22213.2 ng/g and in soil: 9.3‒535.3 ng/g. Pesticides on plastic films 20 times higher than in soil. Plastic debris as new pollutants attracts much attention in the recent years. The plastic mulching films is one of the most important plastic debirs source in the environment. The aim of this work was to investigate the current status of pesticide residues on the plastic mulching films. Based on the QuEChERS method, multi-residue methods for detection of pesticide residues with gas chromatography tandem mass spectrum (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrum (HPLC-MS) were developed for the analysis of the pesticides residues in plastic film and soil samples from Tianjin, Hebei and Shandong. The total concentrations of pesticide residues were in the range of 86.4‒22213.2 ng/g in plastic film debris, which was about 20 times higher than that in soil (9.3‒535.3 ng/g). Residual level of pesticides varied greatly in different samples. The historical usage and recent application of pesticides were the main sources for pesticide residues on plastic films and soil. In short, plastic mulching films could act as a sink for pesticides in farmland and the ubiquitous pesticide residues on plastic films should draw more attention.

关键词： Pesticides     Plastic mulching film     Soil     QuEChERS     Farmland    

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Effects of mulching for water conservation on soil carbon, nitrogen and biological properties

Xiaomin PI, Tongxun ZHANG, Benhua SUN, Quanhong CUI, Yun GUO, Mingxia GAO, Hao FENG, David W. HOPKINS

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第4卷 第2期   页码 146-154 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017136

摘要： The effect of mulching with straw, white plastic film and black plastic film for improving soil water storage and on the soil properties was examined in a wheat-maize rotation system on Loess soil in northwestern China. All the mulches improved the water storage to some extent and led to warmer soils. However, the organic C and total N contents of the soils declined significantly under the mulches, particularly the plastic film mulches, and this could have long-term detrimental effects on soil quality and the sustainability of the some mulching practices.

关键词： biomass     carbon     mulch     nitrogen     plastic films     soil     straw     water storage    

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Anthocyanins/chitosan films doped by nano zinc oxide for active and intelligent packaging: comparison

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第6期   页码 704-715 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2270-z

摘要： The multifunctional films was prepared by blending chitosan and nano-ZnO with purple tomato anthocyanins or black wolfberry anthocyanins. The properties of films functioned by anthocyanins source and nano-ZnO content were studied. It was found purple tomato anthocyanins showed more significant color change against pH than black wolfberry anthocyanins. The nano-ZnO were widely dispersed in matrix and enhanced the compatibility of anthocyanins with chitosan. However, the anthocyanins source influenced the properties of the films more slightly than nano-ZnO addition. The tensile strength, antioxidant and antibacterial effects of the chitosan films dramatically increased after cooperated by nano-ZnO and anthocyanins, which also enhanced with increase of nano-ZnO content, whereas the elongation at break of the composite films decreased. Especially, the anthocyanin and nano-ZnO promoted the antibacterial activity of films synergistically. Composite films made from black wolfberry anthocyanins exhibited higher mechanical performance than those made from purple tomato anthocyanins but weaker antibacterial effects. The purple tomato anthocyanins/chitosan and nano-ZnO/purple tomato anthocyanins/chitosan films effectively reflected pork spoilage, changing their colors from dark green to brown, indicating the potential for applications in active and intelligent food packaging.

关键词： bio-based     multifunction     colorimetric indicator     active and intelligent packaging    

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Nanostructured gold films exhibiting almost complete absorption of light at visible wavelengths

Hanbin Zheng, Christine Picard, Serge Ravaine

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第2期   页码 247-251 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1710-2

摘要： Nanostructured metal surfaces have been known to exhibit properties that deviate from that of the bulk material. By simply modifying the texture of a metal surface, various unique optical properties can be observed. In this paper, we present a simple two step electrochemical process combining electrodeposition and anodization to generate black gold surfaces. This process is simple, versatile and up-scalable for the production of large surfaces. The black gold films have remarkable optical behavior as they absorb more than 93% of incident light over the entire visible spectrum and also exhibit no specular reflectance. A careful analysis by scanning electron microscopy reveals that these unique optical properties are due to their randomly rough surface, as they consist in a forest of dendritic microstructures with a nanoscale roughness. This new type of black films can be fabricated to a large variety of substrates, turning them to super absorbers with potential applications in photovoltaic solar cells or highly sensitive detectors and so on.

关键词： nanostructuration     light absorption     coating     gold     electrodeposition     anodization    

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Moving policy and regulation forward for single-use plastic alternatives

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1423-5

摘要： Single-use plastics are often used once or cannot be reused for extended periods. They are widely consumed with the rapid development of social economy. The waste generated by single-use plastics threatens ecosystem health by entering the environment and ultimately restricts sustainable human development. The innovation of sustainable and environmentally friendly single-use plastic alternative materials and the joint participation of governments, enterprises and the public are promising technologies and management approaches that can solve the problem of single-use plastics wastes. The development of single-use plastic alternative products can be promoted fundamentally only by improving relevant legislation and standards, providing differentiated industrial policies, encouraging scientific and technological innovation and expanding public participation.

关键词： Single-use plastic alternatives     Policy     Regulation     Sustainable development    

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Photothermal-Management Agricultural Films toward Industrial Planting: Opportunities and Challenges

Song Zhang,Zhang Chen,Chuanxiang Cao,Yuanyuan Cui,Yanfeng Gao,

《工程（英文）》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.06.016

摘要： As indispensable parts of greenhouses and plant factories, agricultural covering films play a prominent role in regulating microclimate environments. Polyethylene covering films directly transmit the full solar spectrum. However, this high level of sunlight transmission may be inappropriate or even harmful for crops with specific photothermal requirements. Modern greenhouses are integrated with agricultural covering materials, heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, and smart irrigation and communication technologies to maximize planting efficiency. This review provides insight into the photothermal requirements of crops and ways to meet these requirements, including new materials based on passive radiative cooling and light scattering, simulations to evaluate the energy consumption and environmental conditions in a greenhouse, and data mining to identify key biological growth factors and thereby improve new covering films. Finally, future challenges and directions for photothermal-management agricultural films are elaborated on to bridge the gap between lab-scale research and large-scale practical applications.

关键词： Greenhouse     Photothermal management     Passive radiative cooling     Light scattering    

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影响微电子机械系统成品率和可靠性和粘合力和磨擦力

王渭源

《中国工程科学》 2000年 第2卷 第3期   页码 36-41

摘要：

文章评述了影响微电子机械系统（MEMS)成品率和可靠性的粘合力和摩擦力问题。在用氢氟酸(HF)腐蚀牺牲层、释放多晶Si微结构、干燥时，由于Si片表面薄层水的表面张力使两片亲水、间隙在微米量级的a片粘合起来，称为“释放有关粘合”。粘合也发生在封装后器件中，当输入信号过冲时，由于Si片表面的化学状态将Si片粘合起来，称为“使用中粘合”。解决粘合的最好办法是：在MEMS微结构的表面涂以抗粘合薄膜，将成品器件在干燥气氛下封装。介绍了抗粘合薄膜的制备工艺和目前存在的问题。相比之下，具有高速运动的MEMS,其摩擦力问题更为复杂。应用抗粘合薄膜，解决了粘合，也降低了摩擦力，但摩擦依然存在。摩擦带来磨损，降低器件可靠性和寿命。寻找既抗粘合、又耐磨的薄膜，是解决高速运动MEMS可靠性和寿命的一个关键。

关键词： 微电子机械系统     粘合力     摩擦力     抗粘合薄膜     耐磨损薄膜    

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Current scenario and challenges of plastic pollution in Bangladesh: a focus on farmlands and terrestrial

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1666-4

摘要：

● A global snapshot of plastic waste generation and disposal is analysed.

关键词： Plastic waste     Farmlands     Terrestrial ecosystem     Marine life    

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广义塑性力学及其运用

郑颖人,孔亮

《中国工程科学》 2005年 第7卷 第11期   页码 21-36

摘要：

分析了经典塑性力学用于岩土类材料的问题，它采用了3个不符合岩土材料变形机制的假设。从固体力学原理直接导出广义塑性位势理论，将经典塑性力学改造为更一般的塑性力学——广义塑性力学。广义塑性力学采用了塑性力学中的分量理论，能反映应力路径转折的影响，并避免了采用正交流动法则所引起的过大剪胀等不合理现象，也不会产生当前非关联流动法则中任意假定塑性势面引起的误差。给出了广义塑性力学的屈服面理论、硬化定律和应力-应变关系，并建立了考虑应力主轴旋转的广义塑性位势理论。屈服条件是状态参数，也是试验参数，只能由试验给出。应用表明，广义塑性力学可作为岩土材料的建模理论，还可应用于诸如极限分析等土力学的诸多领域，具有广阔的应用前景。

关键词： 岩土塑性力学     广义塑性力学     塑性势     屈服面     本构模型    

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Diffusive gradients in thin films using molecularly imprinted polymer binding gels for in situ measurements

Ying Cui, Feng Tan, Yan Wang, Suyu Ren, Jingwen Chen

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1290-5

摘要： Abstract • Selective molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) binding gel was prepared. • MIP-DGT showed excellent uptake performance for antibiotics. • In situ measurement of antibiotics in wastewaters via MIP-DGT was developed. • The MIP-DGT method was robust, reliable, and highly sensitive. Urban wastewater is one of main sources for the introduction of antibiotics into the environment. Monitoring the concentrations of antibiotics in wastewater is necessary for estimating the amount of antibiotics discharged into the environment through urban wastewater treatment systems. In this study, we report a novel diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT) method based on molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for in situ measurement of two typical antibiotics, fluoroquinolones (FQs) and sulfonamides (SAs) in urban wastewater. MIPs show specific adsorption toward their templates and their structural analogs, resulting in the selective uptake of the two target antibiotics during MIP-DGT deployment. The uptake performance of the MIP-DGTs was evaluated in the laboratory and was relatively independent of solution pH (4.0–9.0), ionic strength (1–750 mmol/L), and dissolved organic matter (DOM, 0–20 mg/L). MIP-DGT samplers were tested in the effluent of an urban wastewater treatment plant for field trials, where three SA (sulfamethoxazole, sulfapyridine, and trimethoprim) and one FQ (ofloxacin) antibiotics were detected, with concentrations ranging from 25.50 to 117.58 ng/L, which are consistent with the results measured by grab sampling. The total removal efficiency of the antibiotics was 80.1% by the treatment plant. This study demonstrates that MIP-DGT is an effective tool for in situ monitoring of trace antibiotics in complex urban wastewaters.

关键词： Diffusive gradients in thin films     Molecularly imprinted polymers     Selective uptake     Antibiotics     Passive sampling    

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Effects of natural zeolite and sulfate ions on the mechanical properties and microstructure of plastic

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第1期   页码 86-98 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0793-x

摘要： One of the strategic materials used in earth-fill embankment dams and in modifying and preventing groundwater flow is plastic concrete (PlC). PlC is comprised of aggregates, water, cement, and bentonite. Natural zeolite (NZ) is a relatively abundant mineral resource and in this research, the microstructure, unconfined strength, triaxial behavior, and permeability of PlC made with 0%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% replacement of cement by NZ were studied. Specimens of PIC-NZ were subjected to confined conditions and three different confining pressures of 200, 350, and 500 kPa were used to investigate their mechanical behavior and permeability. To study the effect of sulfate ions on the properties of PlC-NZ specimens, the specimens were cured in one of two different environments: normal condition and in the presence of sulfate ions. Results showed that increasing the zeolite content decreases the unconfined strength, elastic modulus, and peak strength of PlC-NZ specimens at the early ages of curing. However, at the later ages, increasing the zeolite content increases unconfined strength as well as the peak strength and elastic modulus. Specimens cured in the presence of sulfate ions indicated lower permeability, higher unconfined strength, elastic modulus, and peak strength due to having lower porosity.

关键词： plastic concrete     sulfate resistance     natural zeolite     triaxial compression test     SEM     permeability    

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Preventing masks from becoming the next plastic problem

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1413-7

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Flexible, ultrathin, and multifunctional polypyrrole/cellulose nanofiber composite films with outstanding

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第8期   页码 1028-1037 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2251-2

摘要： Electrodes that combine energy storage with mechanical and photothermal performance are necessary for efficient development and use of flexible energy storage and conversion devices. In this study, the flexible, ultrathin, and multifunctional polypyrrole/cellulose nanofiber composite films were fabricated via a one-step “soak and polymerization” method. The dense sandwich structure and strong interfacial interaction endowed polypyrrole/cellulose nanofiber composite films with excellent flexibility, outstanding mechanical strength, and desired toughness. Interestingly, the polypyrrole/cellulose nanofiber composite film electrodes with quaternary amine functionalized cellulose nanofiber had the highest specific mass capacitance (392.90 F∙g–1) and specific areal capacitance (3.32 F∙cm–2) than the electrodes with unmodified and carboxyl functionalized cellulose nanofibers. Further, the polypyrrole/cellulose nanofiber composite films with sandwich structure had excellent photothermal conversion properties. This study demonstrated a feasible and versatile method for preparing of multifunctional composite films, having promising applications in various energy storage fields.

关键词： cellulose nanofiber     electrochemical     photothermal conversion     polypyrrole    

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The road to sustainable use and waste management of plastics in Portugal

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第1期   页码 5-5 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1439-x

摘要：

• Portugal recycles 34% of the 40 kg/hab year of plastic packaging waste.

关键词： Single-use plastics     Plastic packaging     Plastic waste     Waste management     Waste shipment     Lightweight plastic bags    

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Effect of RC wall on the development of plastic rotation in the beams of RC frame structures

Amar KAHIL, Aghiles NEKMOUCHE, Said BOUKAIS, Mohand HAMIZI, Naceur Eddine HANNACHI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第3期   页码 318-330 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0420-z

摘要：

The objective of this study is, to interpret the influence of reinforced concrete walls addition in reinforced concrete frame structures considering behavior laws that reflects the actual behavior of such structures, by means of Castem2000computer code (pushover analysis). A finite element model is proposed in this study, using the TAKEDA modified behavior model with Timoshenko beams elements. This model is validated initially on experimental model. Then the work has focused on the behavior of a RC frame with 3 levels and three bays to better visualize the behavior of plastic hinges. Once the plastic hinge control parameters are identified (plastic rotation, ultimate curvature), a strengthening by introduction of reinforced concrete walls (RC/wall) at the ends of the reinforced concrete frame (RC/frame) has been performed. The results show that these RC walls significantly improve the behavior, by a relocation of efforts towards the central part of the beams.

关键词： RC/frame     RC/wall     moment curvature     plastic rotation     plastic hinge     pushover analysis     global models    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Quantification of pesticide residues on plastic mulching films in typical farmlands of the North China

Baoyuan Guo, Jiao Meng, Xinyu Wang, Chengnan Yin, Weiyu Hao, Baiwen Ma, Zhang Tao

期刊论文

Effects of mulching for water conservation on soil carbon, nitrogen and biological properties

Xiaomin PI, Tongxun ZHANG, Benhua SUN, Quanhong CUI, Yun GUO, Mingxia GAO, Hao FENG, David W. HOPKINS

期刊论文

Anthocyanins/chitosan films doped by nano zinc oxide for active and intelligent packaging: comparison

期刊论文

Nanostructured gold films exhibiting almost complete absorption of light at visible wavelengths

Hanbin Zheng, Christine Picard, Serge Ravaine

期刊论文

Moving policy and regulation forward for single-use plastic alternatives

期刊论文

Photothermal-Management Agricultural Films toward Industrial Planting: Opportunities and Challenges

Song Zhang,Zhang Chen,Chuanxiang Cao,Yuanyuan Cui,Yanfeng Gao,

期刊论文

影响微电子机械系统成品率和可靠性和粘合力和磨擦力

王渭源

期刊论文

Current scenario and challenges of plastic pollution in Bangladesh: a focus on farmlands and terrestrial

期刊论文

广义塑性力学及其运用

郑颖人,孔亮

期刊论文

Diffusive gradients in thin films using molecularly imprinted polymer binding gels for in situ measurements

Ying Cui, Feng Tan, Yan Wang, Suyu Ren, Jingwen Chen

期刊论文

Effects of natural zeolite and sulfate ions on the mechanical properties and microstructure of plastic

期刊论文

Preventing masks from becoming the next plastic problem

期刊论文

Flexible, ultrathin, and multifunctional polypyrrole/cellulose nanofiber composite films with outstanding

期刊论文

The road to sustainable use and waste management of plastics in Portugal

期刊论文

Effect of RC wall on the development of plastic rotation in the beams of RC frame structures

Amar KAHIL, Aghiles NEKMOUCHE, Said BOUKAIS, Mohand HAMIZI, Naceur Eddine HANNACHI

期刊论文